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first steps with command line args

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Hartmut Bauer committed 2025-03-19 01:38:35 +01:00
1 parent 6d69da50bc
commit 24f6fc05ea
7 files changed
+234 -26
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shopts.sh
Executable
+63
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@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
#!/bin/bash
# ex33.sh: Exercising getopts and OPTIND
# Script modified 10/09/03 at the suggestion of Bill Gradwohl.
# Here we observe how 'getopts' processes command-line arguments to script.
# The arguments are parsed as "options" (flags) and associated arguments.
# Try invoking this script with:
# 'scriptname -mn'
# 'scriptname -oq qOption' (qOption can be some arbitrary string.)
# 'scriptname -qXXX -r'
#
# 'scriptname -qr'
#+ - Unexpected result, takes "r" as the argument to option "q"
# 'scriptname -q -r'
#+ - Unexpected result, same as above
# 'scriptname -mnop -mnop' - Unexpected result
# (OPTIND is unreliable at stating where an option came from.)
#
# If an option expects an argument ("flag:"), then it will grab
#+ whatever is next on the command-line.
NO_ARGS=0
E_OPTERROR=85
if [ $# -eq "$NO_ARGS" ] # Script invoked with no command-line args?
then
echo "Usage: `basename $0` options (-mnopqrs)"
exit $E_OPTERROR # Exit and explain usage.
# Usage: scriptname -options
# Note: dash (-) necessary
fi
while getopts ":mnopq:rs" Option
do
case $Option in
m ) echo "$OPTIND -$Option ($OPTARG)";;
n | o ) echo "$OPTIND -$Option ($OPTARG)";;
p ) echo "$OPTIND -$Option ($OPTARG)";;
q ) echo "$OPTIND -$Option ($OPTARG)";;
# Note that option 'q' must have an associated argument,
#+ otherwise it falls through to the default.
r | s ) echo "$OPTIND -$Option ($OPTARG)";;
* ) echo "Unimplemented option chosen.";; # Default.
esac
done
shift $(($OPTIND - 1))
echo "Rest $@"
# Decrements the argument pointer so it points to next argument.
# $1 now references the first non-option item supplied on the command-line
#+ if one exists.
exit $?
# As Bill Gradwohl states,
# "The getopts mechanism allows one to specify: scriptname -mnop -mnop
#+ but there is no reliable way to differentiate what came
#+ from where by using OPTIND."
# There are, however, workarounds.
test.sh
+44 -26
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@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ log() {
# zB. if is_in "foo" "foo" "bar" "foo bar" ; then ...
# Leere Liste liefert immer false
#
function is_in {
is_in() {
local search="$1"
shift 1
local e
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ function is_in {
# $1 - Verzeichnis in dem gesucht wird als absoluter Pfad
# $2 ff. - auszuschliessende Verzeichnisse (kann leer bleiben)
#
function iterate_dirs_in() {
iterate_dirs_in() {
local dirname
local root=$1
shift 1
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ function iterate_dirs_in() {
#
# $1 - dir to check
#
function check_directory() {
check_directory() {
local dir=$1
if [ -d "$1" ]; then
return 0
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ function check_directory() {
#
# $1 - zu löschendes Verzeichnis
#
function delete_dir() {
delete_dir() {
local dir=$1
sudo rm -rf "$dir" && return 0
log ERROR "### could not delete directory $1!"
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ function delete_dir() {
# Slashes "/" im Pfadnamen durch Dashes "-" ersetzen, so dass der String als Dateiname verwendet werden kann.
#
# $1 - path
function backup_file_prefix() {
backup_file_prefix() {
echo "$1" | sed -E 's/^\///' | sed -E 's/\//-/g'
}
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ function backup_file_prefix() {
# $2 - Zielverzeichnis für .tgz.gpg-Dateien
# $3 ff. - Verzeichnisse, die nicht gesichert werden sollen (kann leer bleiben)
#
function backup_all_dirs() {
backup_all_dirs() {
local root=$1
local target=$2
local prefix=$(backup_file_prefix $root)
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ function backup_all_dirs() {
for dir in $(iterate_dirs_in "$root" "$@"); do
tar_file="$target/$prefix-$dir.$EXT"
backup_dir "$root" "$tar_file" "$dir"
list "$tar_file" "$dir"
create_list "$tar_file" "$dir"
test_integrity "$tar_file"
done
}
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ function backup_all_dirs() {
# $2 - Zielpfad und -name für das Archiv
# $2 - zu sicherndes Verzeichnis
#
function backup_dir() {
backup_dir() {
local root=$1
local archive=$2
local dir=$3
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ function backup_dir() {
#
# $1 - Archiv
#
function list() {
create_list() {
local archive=$1
log INFO "--- List $archive"
sudo gpg --batch --decrypt --passphrase $PASSPHRASE "$archive" | sudo tar -tzv | sudo tee $archive.txt >/dev/null
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ function list() {
#
# $1 - Archiv
#
function test_integrity() {
test_integrity() {
local archive=$1
log INFO "--- Check integrity of $archive"
sudo gpg --batch --decrypt --passphrase $PASSPHRASE "$archive" | sudo tar -xzO >/dev/null
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ function test_integrity() {
# $1 - Archiv, ggf. mit Pfad
# $2 ff. - zurückzusichernde Dateien/Verzeichnisse
#
function restore() {
restore() {
local archive=$1
shift 1
sudo gpg --batch --decrypt --passphrase $PASSPHRASE "$archive" | sudo tar -xzv $@ >/dev/null
@@ -191,9 +191,25 @@ function restore() {
fi
}
# Liste der Archives auf stdout ausgeben
#
# Zeigt alle Archive incl. des letzten Verzeichnisses an
#
# z.B.
# backup.7/volume1-data-Web.tgz.gpg
# media/volume1-media-books.tgz.gpg
#
# $1 - root path i.d.R. ein Verzeichnis oberhalb, damit alle täglichen Backups angezeigt werden
#
list_archives() {
local target=$1
local targ=${target//\//\\\/} # slashes escapen
echo "#$targ#"
sudo find "$target" -type f -name "*.gpg" | sed -E "s/^$targ//"
}
# *** NAS Test ***
function nas_test() {
nas_test() {
LOG_FILE="/volume1/nfs/Server/tmp/backup.log"
log INFO "*** *** Begin NAS backup (data, nfs, media/books, media/music)"
@@ -208,22 +224,26 @@ function nas_test() {
# nfs
backup_all_dirs "/volume1/nfs" "$TARGET_DIR" "${EXCLUDE_DIRS[@]}"
TARGET_DIR="/volume1/nfs/backups/tmp/media"
BACKUP_ROOT=/volume1/nfs/backups/tmp
TARGET_DIR="$BACKUP_ROOT/media"
EXCLUDE_DIRS=("@eaDir" "Temporary Items" "lost+found" serien tmp video "video.archive")
check_directory $TARGET_DIR
# media/books media/music
backup_all_dirs "/volume1/media" "$TARGET_DIR" "${EXCLUDE_DIRS[@]}"
log INFO "*** End of NAS backuip"
log INFO "*** End of NAS backup"
list_archives $BACKUP_ROOT
}
# *** NATHAN Test ***
function nathan_test() {
nathan_test() {
LOG_FILE=/var/docker/tmp/backup.log
log INFO "*** *** Begin nathan server backup"
TARGET_DIR=/var/docker/tmp/backup.$DAY
BACKUP_ROOT=/var/docker/tmp
TARGET_DIR="$BACKUP_ROOT/backup.$DAY"
delete_dir $TARGET_DIR
check_directory $TARGET_DIR
@@ -232,14 +252,17 @@ function nathan_test() {
backup_all_dirs "/var/docker/vol" "$TARGET_DIR"
log INFO "*** End of nathan server backup"
list_archives $BACKUP_ROOT
}
# *** HANILLER Test ***
function hamiller_test() {
hamiller_test() {
LOG_FILE=/var/docker/tmp/backup.log
log INFO "*** *** Begin hamiller server backup"
TARGET_DIR=/var/docker/tmp/backup.$DAY
BACKUP_ROOT=/var/docker/tmp
TARGET_DIR="$BACKUP_ROOT/backup.$DAY"
delete_dir $TARGET_DIR
check_directory $TARGET_DIR
@@ -248,9 +271,10 @@ function hamiller_test() {
# backup_all_dirs "/var/docker/vol" "$TARGET_DIR"
log INFO "*** End of hamiller server backup"
list_archives $BACKUP_ROOT
}
function test() {
test() {
#LOG_FILE=./t1.log
#log INFO "error test"
echo "host: #$1#"
@@ -261,13 +285,7 @@ function test() {
#hamiller_test
#test1
test "$HOSTNAME"
if [ ! -z $ERROR ]; then
log ERROR "*** *** Errors occured during the progem run, see full log for details."
else
log INFO "*** *** Program ended successfully."
fi
list_archives /var/docker/tmp
exit
test/main.inc
Executable
+8
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@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
INC=include
HOST_NAME=$(hostname)
testfunc() {
echo "testfunc() works!"
}
test/main.sh
Executable
+88
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@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
#!/usr/bin/env bash
show_help() {
echo "usage: $0 options"
echo " -a, --auto start nightly backup"
echo " -l, --list list archives"
echo ' -c, --content <archive> '
echo " show contents of archive"
echo ' -r, --restore <archive> <file(s)> '
echo " restore files from archive to pwd"
echo " -h, -?. --help show this help"
}
echo " ### main.sh"
# Initialize all the option variables.
# This ensures we are not contaminated by variables from the environment.
file=
archive=
while :; do
case $1 in
-h|-\?|--help)
show_help # Display a usage synopsis.
exit 0
;;
-a|--auto)
shift
. $HERE/$HOST_NAME.sh "$@" >$LOGF 2>&1
break # exit kehrt nicht zu run.sh zurück
;;
-l|--list)
. $HERE/$HOST_NAME.sh -l
break;
;;
-c|--content)
if [ "$2" ]; then
echo "not yet implemented"
#. $HERE/$HOST_NAME.sh -c $2
else
echo 'ERROR: "--content" requires a non-empty option argument.'
fi
break
;;
-r|--restore)
if [ "$2" ]; then
echo "not yet implemented"
archive=$2
shift
#. $HERE/$HOST_NAME.sh -r $archive $@
else
echo 'ERROR: "--restore" requires a non-empty option argument.'
fi
break
;;
# --- example -> https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ/035
-f|--file) # Takes an option argument; ensure it has been specified.
if [ "$2" ]; then
file=$2
shift
else
die 'ERROR: "--file" requires a non-empty option argument.'
fi
;;
--file=?*)
file=${1#*=} # Delete everything up to "=" and assign the remainder.
;;
--file=) # Handle the case of an empty --file=
die 'ERROR: "--file" requires a non-empty option argument.'
;;
--) # End of all options.
shift
break
;;
-?*)
echo "WARN: Unknown option (ignored): $1"
echo
show_help
exit
;;
*) # Default case: No more options, so break out of the loop.
break
esac
shift
done
test/nathan.sh
Executable
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@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/usr/bin/env bash
echo " *** nathan.sh"
for i in "$@"; do echo "param: $i"; done
echo " include=$INC"
echo " host=$HOST_NAME"
testfunc
echo " *** nathan.sh end"
test/run.sh
Executable
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@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
#!/usr/bin/env bash
HERE=$(dirname "$0")
. $HERE/main.inc
LOGF=$HERE/t1.log
echo "--- run.sh"
. $HERE/main.sh "$@"
echo "--- run.sh end"
test/t1.log
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@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
testfunc() works!
### main.sh
usage: ./run.sh options
-a, --auto start nightly backup
-l, --list list archives
-c, --content <archive>
show contents of archive
-r, --restore <archive> <file(s)>
restore files from archive to pwd
-h, -?. --help show this help